{"id":6416,"date":"2026-10-19T09:48:53","date_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-jardfraedi-nicolas-levillayer\/"},"modified":"2026-10-19T09:48:53","modified_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:53","slug":"doktorsvorn-i-jardfraedi-nicolas-levillayer","status":"publish","type":"phd_defence","link":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-jardfraedi-nicolas-levillayer\/","title":{"rendered":"Doktorsv\u00f6rn \u00ed jar\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i – Nicolas Levillayer"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Streymi<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n

Doktorsefni:
<\/strong>Nicolas Levillayer<\/p>\n

Heiti ritger\u00f0ar:
<\/strong>Afg\u00f6sun basalthrauna<\/p>\n

Andm\u00e6lendur<\/strong>:
Dr. Fidel Costa, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris, Universit\u00e9 Paris Cit\u00e9, Frakkland
Dr. Evgenia Ilyinskaya, d\u00f3sent vi\u00f0 School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Bretland<\/p>\n

Lei\u00f0beinandi:
<\/strong>Dr. Olgeir Sigmarsson, ranns\u00f3knapr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 Jar\u00f0v\u00edsindastofnun H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands<\/p>\n

Einnig \u00ed doktorsnefnd:
<\/strong>Dr. Pierre-Jean Gauthier, fr\u00e6\u00f0ima\u00f0ur vi\u00f0 Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, Frakklandi
Dr. S\u00e6mundur Ari Halld\u00f3rsson, ranns\u00f3knapr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 Jar\u00f0v\u00edsindadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands
Dr. Andri Stef\u00e1nsson, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 Jar\u00f0v\u00edsindadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands<\/p>\n

Doktorsv\u00f6rn st\u00fdrir:
<\/strong>Dr. Andri Stef\u00e1nsson, pr\u00f3fessor og deildarforseti Jar\u00f0v\u00edsindadeildar H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands<\/p>\n

\u00c1grip:
<\/strong>Samsetning eldfjallagas \u00ed basaltgosum er tilt\u00f6lulega vel \u00feekkt, en eiming fr\u00e1 k\u00f3lnandi hraunbrei\u00f0um hefur l\u00edti\u00f0 veri\u00f0 k\u00f6nnu\u00f0 sem og umhverfis\u00e1hrif. Afg\u00f6sun \u00e1 m\u00e1lmum og \u2013 m\u00e1lmleysingum fr\u00e1 hrauni vi\u00f0 storknun var k\u00f6nnu\u00f0, sem og innri uppbygging hrauna og a\u00f0skilna\u00f0ar\u00e6\u00f0a sem myndast vi\u00f0 afg\u00f6sunarferli\u00f0. Gas samfara eldgosi, fr\u00e1 k\u00f3lnandi g\u00edgum og \u00far storknandi hrauni var safna\u00f0 austan Fagradalsfjalls. Efnasamsetning gass\u00fdna samfara basaltgosi einkennist af brennisteini og m\u00e1lmum \u00ed s\u00falf\u00ed\u00f0samb\u00f6ndum, \u00e1 me\u00f0an hraun gefa fr\u00e1 s\u00e9r hal\u00f3genr\u00edkt gas og m\u00e1lma \u00ed hal\u00ed\u00f0samb\u00f6ndum en fl\u00faorr\u00edkt gas kemur \u00far k\u00f3lnandi g\u00edg. Mat \u00e1 losun \u00feungm\u00e1lma fr\u00e1 k\u00f3lnandi hrauni s\u00fdnir umtalsver\u00f0a losun m\u00e1lma sem mynda kl\u00f3r\u00ed\u00f0. Tengsl afg\u00f6sunar vi\u00f0 hlutkrist\u00f6llun og myndun afleiddrar kviku \u00ed basalthraunum vi\u00f0 storknun var kanna\u00f0ur. Fyrstu steindir sem kristallast eru vatnssnau\u00f0ar (\u00f3liv\u00edn, plagi\u00f3klas og kl\u00edn\u00f3p\u00fdroxen) og mynda heilsteypta kristalgrind eftir u.\u00fe.b. 50% krist\u00f6llun. Inn \u00e1 milli kristallana er afgangsbr\u00e1\u00f0in \u00fear sem rokgj\u00f6rnu efnin sem haldast ekki \u00ed lausn mynda r\u00famm\u00e1lsfrekan gasfasa. Gasi\u00f0 \u00fer\u00fdstir br\u00e1\u00f0inni gegnum kristalgrindina til holr\u00fdma ofar \u00ed hrauni (svokalla\u00f0 \u201cgas-derived filter pressing\u201d ferli) og myndar a\u00f0skilna\u00f0ar\u00e6\u00f0ar e\u00f0a holufyllingar (segregation veins\/vesicles). Efnagreiningar \u00e6\u00f0anna lei\u00f0a \u00ed lj\u00f3s hvort gasfasinn hafi sloppi\u00f0 \u00fat \u00ed andr\u00famslofti\u00f0 e\u00f0a \u00fe\u00e9st og storkna\u00f0 me\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ust br\u00e1\u00f0 hraunkvikunnar. L\u00edkindi efnasamsetninga a\u00f0skilna\u00f0ar\u00e6\u00f0a og gass fr\u00e1 storknandi hrauni benda til beinna tengsla \u00e1 milli innri kviku\u00fer\u00f3unnar hrauna og losunar afgangsgass fr\u00e1 basaltkvikunni. \u00cd heild s\u00fdna ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur a\u00f0 gaslosun fr\u00e1 hrauni er mj\u00f6g fr\u00e1brug\u00f0in losun vi\u00f0 gosop en fellur vel a\u00f0 hlutafg\u00f6sun basaltkviku, b\u00e6\u00f0i hva\u00f0 var\u00f0ar uppruna og e\u00f0li. Umhverfis\u00e1hrif af gaslosun \u00feungm\u00e1lma fr\u00e1 basalthraunum er ver\u00f0ugt ranns\u00f3knarefni \u00ed framt\u00ed\u00f0inni.<\/p>\n

Um doktorsefni\u00f0:
<\/strong>Nicolas Levillayer f\u00e6ddist \u00e1ri\u00f0 1998 \u00ed Saint-Malo \u00e1 Bretagne-skaga \u00ed Frakklandi. Hann \u00f3lst upp \u00ed \u00feorpinu Plou\u00ebr-sur-Rance me\u00f0 foreldrum s\u00ednum og eldri br\u00f3\u00f0ur. Eftir a\u00f0 hafa \u00fatskrifa\u00f0 \u00far framhaldssk\u00f3lanum \u00ed Dinan \u00e1ri\u00f0 2016 flutti hann til Clermont-Ferrand til a\u00f0 l\u00e6ra jar\u00f0fr\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne. Hann lauk bakkal\u00e1rsgr\u00e1\u00f0u sinni \u00e1 \u00feremur \u00e1rum en hann dvaldi s\u00ed\u00f0asta \u00e1ri\u00f0 sem Erasmus-nemi vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands. Nicolas h\u00f3f s\u00ed\u00f0an meistaran\u00e1m \u00e1 svi\u00f0i \u201cMagmas and Volcanoes\u201d vi\u00f0 sama sk\u00f3la og \u00fatskrifa\u00f0ist \u00e1ri\u00f0 2021. \u00cd september sama \u00e1r h\u00f3f hann doktorsn\u00e1m vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands, \u00fear sem hann vann a\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knum \u00e1 gaslosun \u00ed hrauni \u00ed fj\u00f6gur \u00e1r.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"featured_media":5803,"template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_phd_date_start":"2025-09-01T11:00:00+00:00","_phd_date_end":"2025-09-01T13:00:00+00:00","_phd_location":"H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0arsalur","_phd_admission":"A\u00f0gangur \u00f3keypis","_phd_thesis_title":"Afg\u00f6sun basalthrauna","_phd_source_url":"https:\/\/gamli.hi.is\/vidburdir\/doktorsvorn_i_jardfraedi_nicolas_levillayer","_phd_source_node_id":"442062","_phd_source_type":"vidburdir","_phd_member_id":957,"footnotes":""},"phd_school":[113,93],"phd_discipline":[115],"class_list":["post-6416","phd_defence","type-phd_defence","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","phd_school-jardvisindadeild","phd_school-verkfraedi-og-natturuvisindasvid","phd_discipline-phd-i-jardfraedi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_defence\/6416","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_defence"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/phd_defence"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_defence\/6416\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5803"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6416"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"phd_school","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_school?post=6416"},{"taxonomy":"phd_discipline","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_discipline?post=6416"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}