{"id":6312,"date":"2026-10-19T09:48:45","date_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-efnafraedi-angel-andres-castro-ruiz\/"},"modified":"2026-10-19T09:48:45","modified_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:45","slug":"doktorsvorn-i-efnafraedi-angel-andres-castro-ruiz","status":"publish","type":"phd_defence","link":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-efnafraedi-angel-andres-castro-ruiz\/","title":{"rendered":"Doktorsv\u00f6rn \u00ed efnafr\u00e6\u00f0i – Angel Andr\u00e9s Castro Ruiz"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Streymi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Doktorsefni:<\/strong>\u00a0Angel Andr\u00e9s Castro Ruiz<\/p>\n

Heiti ritger\u00f0ar:<\/strong>\u00a0Am\u00edn\u00f3s\u00fdrugirtir k\u00f3baltfl\u00f3kar innbl\u00e1snir af n\u00e1tt\u00farunni til efnasm\u00ed\u00f0a \u00e1 oxu\u00f0um vir\u00f0isaukandi efnum.<\/p>\n

Andm\u00e6lendur:<\/strong>\u00a0Dr. Anna Trzeciak, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 Efnafr\u00e6\u00f0ideild H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00ed Wroc\u0142aw, P\u00f3llandi og Dr. Erwan LeRoux, d\u00f3sent vi\u00f0 Efnafr\u00e6\u00f0ideild H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00ed Bergen, Noregi.<\/p>\n

Lei\u00f0beinandi:<\/strong>\u00a0Dr. Sigr\u00ed\u00f0ur Gu\u00f0r\u00fan Suman, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 Raunv\u00edsindadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands.<\/p>\n

Einnig \u00ed doktorsnefnd:<\/strong>\u00a0Dr. Sigr\u00ed\u00f0ur J\u00f3nsd\u00f3ttir, fr\u00e6\u00f0ima\u00f0ur hj\u00e1 Raunv\u00edsindastofnun H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands og Dr. M\u00e1r M\u00e1sson, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 Lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0ideild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands.<\/p>\n

Doktorsv\u00f6rn st\u00fdrir:<\/strong> Dr. Einar Sveinbj\u00f6rnsson, pr\u00f3fessor og deildarforseti Raunv\u00edsindadeildar H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands.<\/p>\n

\u00c1grip<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u00fat\u00edmasamf\u00e9lag er h\u00e1\u00f0 notkun eldsneytis og efnasambanda unnum \u00far ol\u00eduafur\u00f0um. Me\u00f0 vaxandi f\u00f3lksfj\u00f6lda \u00e1 j\u00f6r\u00f0inni gengur hratt \u00e1 \u00feessi \u00f3endurn\u00fdjanlegu efni. \u00dea\u00f0 er \u00f3umfl\u00fdjanlegt a\u00f0 leita lausna sem fela \u00ed s\u00e9r notkun \u00e1 endurn\u00fdjanlegum efnum og efnaframlei\u00f0slu \u00far hr\u00e1efnum sem h\u00e6gt er a\u00f0 r\u00e6kta e\u00f0a safna \u00far hringr\u00e1s l\u00edfr\u00edkisins. Efnaframlei\u00f0sla hefur \u00fear mikilv\u00e6gt hlutverk og h\u00e1sk\u00f3lar st\u00fdra \u00feessum breytingum me\u00f0 heimsmarkmi\u00f0 Sameinu\u00f0u \u00dej\u00f3\u00f0anna um sj\u00e1lfb\u00e6ra \u00fer\u00f3un og hagkerfi til hli\u00f0sj\u00f3nar. Hnattr\u00e6nar \u00e1skoranir eins og loftslagsbreytingar og minnkun \u00e1 mengun af mannav\u00f6ldum \u00e1 j\u00f6r\u00f0inni eru mikil \u00e1hyggjuefni og ranns\u00f3knir \u00ed efnafr\u00e6\u00f0i sko\u00f0a gjarnan grundvallaratri\u00f0i sem g\u00e6tu or\u00f0i\u00f0 til \u00e1hrifar\u00edkra breytinga \u00e1 efnaframlei\u00f0slu og lei\u00f0a til framfara. CO2 mengun er miki\u00f0 ranns\u00f6ku\u00f0 birtingarmynd loftslagsbreytinga og \u00fev\u00ed vi\u00f0eigandi vi\u00f0fangsefni til a\u00f0 takast \u00e1 vi\u00f0. Umbreyting koltv\u00eds\u00fdrings (CO2) er mikilv\u00e6g og notkun \u00feess \u00ed efnasm\u00ed\u00f0um fj\u00f6lli\u00f0a er mikilv\u00e6gt skref \u00ed \u00e1ttina a\u00f0 n\u00fdta CO2 \u00ed fj\u00f6lli\u00f0ur sem eru annars afleiddar \u00far ol\u00eduafur\u00f0um. \u00cd \u00feessu Verkefni var hanna\u00f0ur \u00f3l\u00edfr\u00e6nn efnahvati fyrir CO2 bindingu til a\u00f0 mynda s\u00farefnisr\u00edkar fj\u00f6lli\u00f0ur eins og polyestera. Eftirfarandi ritger\u00f0 l\u00fdsir efnasm\u00ed\u00f0um og eiginleikum \u00feriggja safna (alls 25) af k\u00f3balt(II\/III) fl\u00f3kum sem samanstanda af anna\u00f0 hvort 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy), e\u00f0a 4,4′-di-tert-butylbipyridine (dtbbpy) ) og am\u00edn\u00f3s\u00fdrum sem tenglar. Am\u00ednus\u00fdrurnar taka mi\u00f0 af heg\u00f0un n\u00e1tt\u00farulegra efna og efnahvatarnir eru \u00fev\u00ed hanna\u00f0ir me\u00f0 innbl\u00e6stri fr\u00e1 n\u00e1tt\u00farunni. Notkun efnahvatanna var pr\u00f3fu\u00f0: fyrir hringopnunar-fj\u00f6lli\u00f0unarhvarf rac-lakt\u00ed\u00f0s til a\u00f0 mynda fj\u00f6lli\u00f0una p\u00f3l\u00fd(mj\u00f3lkurs\u00fdru) (PLA), tengihvarf epox\u00ed\u00f0s\/CO2, og epox\u00ed\u00f0s\/hringlaga anh\u00fddr\u00ed\u00f0s til a\u00f0 framlei\u00f0a fj\u00f6lli\u00f0ur \u00far n\u00fdjum hr\u00e1efnum me\u00f0 n\u00fdja efnaeiginleika. K\u00f3balt(II) am\u00edn\u00f3s\u00fdrufl\u00f3kar voru virkir efnahvatar vi\u00f0 fj\u00f6lli\u00f0un \u00e1 rac-lakt\u00ed\u00f0i me\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0um \u00e1rangri. Oxu\u00f0 \u00fatg\u00e1fa af k\u00f3balt am\u00edn\u00f3s\u00fdrufl\u00f3kunum Co(III) s\u00fdndi fram\u00farskarandi virkni \u00ed hringlaga karb\u00f3natmyndun ef nota\u00f0 me\u00f0 samhvata. Breyting \u00e1 \u00feessum fl\u00e9ttum me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 nota dtbbpy tengil og s\u00f6mu am\u00edn\u00f3s\u00fdrur leiddi til aukinnar leysni og getu til a\u00f0 umbreyta epox\u00ed\u00f0um og anh\u00fddr\u00ed\u00f0i \u00ed p\u00f3l\u00fdester me\u00f0 umbreytingart\u00ed\u00f0ni upp \u00e1 (TOF 1151 h-1), sem er samb\u00e6rilegt vi\u00f0 lei\u00f0andi birta hvata. \u00c1 heildina liti\u00f0 veitir \u00feessi ritger\u00f0 inns\u00fdn \u00ed hvarfgang \u00feessara efnahvata og h\u00f6nnunarm\u00f6guleika fyrir frekari \u00fatf\u00e6rslur \u00e1 n\u00e6stu kynsl\u00f3\u00f0 efnahvata.<\/p>\n

Um doktorsefni\u00f0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Andr\u00e9s er upprunalega fr\u00e1 Cabruta, Gu\u00e1rico-Venezuela, \u00fear sem hann lauk BS gr\u00e1\u00f0u \u00ed efnafr\u00e6\u00f0i og efnaverkfr\u00e6\u00f0i fr\u00e1 University of Los Andes, M\u00e9rida-Venezuela. \u00c1ri\u00f0 2018 f\u00e9kk hann MS gr\u00e1\u00f0u \u00ed fj\u00f6lli\u00f0ut\u00e6kni fr\u00e1 The Research Center of Applied Chemistry \u00ed Choahuila-Mexico undir lei\u00f0s\u00f6gn Dr. Graciela Morales. \u00c1 s\u00ednu seinasta \u00e1ri \u00ed s\u00ednu meistaran\u00e1mi beindust rans\u00f3knir hans a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f3un trefjar\u00edkra fj\u00f6lli\u00f0a me\u00f0 rafaflfr\u00e6\u00f0i a\u00f0fer\u00f0um til notkunar \u00ed vatnshreinsun. Andr\u00e9s gekk til li\u00f0s vi\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knarh\u00f3p Prof. Sigr\u00ed\u00f0ar Suman vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands \u00ed Ma\u00ed 2019 sem Ph.D. nemandi. Ranns\u00f3knir hans hafa n\u00e1tt\u00farulegan innbl\u00e1stur vi\u00f0 myndun umhverfisv\u00e6nna m\u00e1lmkomplexa og notkun \u00feeirra sem einsleits hvata \u00ed framlei\u00f0slu ver\u00f0m\u00e6tra s\u00farefnisr\u00edkra efna \u00far endurn\u00fdtanlegum au\u00f0lindum.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"featured_media":5565,"template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_phd_date_start":"2023-02-08T15:00:00+00:00","_phd_date_end":"2023-02-08T17:00:00+00:00","_phd_location":"A\u00f0albygging H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0asalur","_phd_admission":"A\u00f0gangur \u00f3keypis","_phd_thesis_title":"Am\u00edn\u00f3s\u00fdrugirtir k\u00f3baltfl\u00f3kar innbl\u00e1snir af n\u00e1tt\u00farunni til efnasm\u00ed\u00f0a \u00e1 oxu\u00f0um vir\u00f0isaukandi efnum","_phd_source_url":"https:\/\/gamli.hi.is\/vidburdir\/doktorsvorn_i_efnafraedi_angel_andres_castro_ruiz","_phd_source_node_id":"392822","_phd_source_type":"vidburdir","_phd_member_id":846,"footnotes":""},"phd_school":[101,93],"phd_discipline":[102],"class_list":["post-6312","phd_defence","type-phd_defence","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","phd_school-raunvisindadeild","phd_school-verkfraedi-og-natturuvisindasvid","phd_discipline-phd-i-efnafraedi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_defence\/6312","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_defence"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/phd_defence"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_defence\/6312\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5565"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6312"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"phd_school","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_school?post=6312"},{"taxonomy":"phd_discipline","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_discipline?post=6312"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}