{"id":6177,"date":"2026-10-19T09:48:36","date_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-laeknavisindum-helgi-kristinn-bjornsson\/"},"modified":"2026-10-19T09:48:36","modified_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:36","slug":"doktorsvorn-i-laeknavisindum-helgi-kristinn-bjornsson","status":"publish","type":"phd_defence","link":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-laeknavisindum-helgi-kristinn-bjornsson\/","title":{"rendered":"Doktorsv\u00f6rn \u00ed l\u00e6knav\u00edsindum &#8211; Helgi Kristinn Bj\u00f6rnsson"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-item even\" property=\"content:encoded\">\n<p>F\u00f6studaginn 16. apr\u00edl ver Helgi Kristinn Bj\u00f6rnsson doktorsritger\u00f0 s\u00edna \u00ed l\u00e6knav\u00edsindum vi\u00f0 L\u00e6knadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands. Ritger\u00f0in ber heiti\u00f0: <strong>Lifrarska\u00f0i af v\u00f6ldum lyfja: Faraldsfr\u00e6\u00f0i, \u00e1h\u00e6tta af v\u00f6ldum tiltekinna lyfja og gagnsemi sterame\u00f0fer\u00f0ar vi\u00f0 lyfjaorsaka\u00f0ri lifrarb\u00f3lgu. Drug-induced liver injury: Epidemiology, studies of quantitative risk and the role of corticosteroid treatment in drug-induced autoimmune hepatitis.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Andm\u00e6lendur eru dr. Fernando Bessone, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00ed Rosario \u00ed Argent\u00ednu, og Helga Eyj\u00f3lfsd\u00f3ttir, \u00f6ldrunarl\u00e6knir vi\u00f0 Landsp\u00edtala-h\u00e1sk\u00f3lasj\u00fakrah\u00fas.<\/p>\n<p>Umsj\u00f3narkennari og lei\u00f0beinandi var dr. Einar Stef\u00e1n Bj\u00f6rnsson. Auk hans s\u00e1tu \u00ed doktorsnefnd dr. \u00c1sger\u00f0ur Sverrisd\u00f3ttir, s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur, dr. Ger\u00f0ur Gr\u00f6ndal, s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur, og dr. Raul J. Andrade.<\/p>\n<p>Engilbert Sigur\u00f0sson, pr\u00f3fessor og deildarforseti L\u00e6knadeildar, stj\u00f3rnar ath\u00f6fninni sem fer fram \u00ed H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0asal H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands og hefst kl. 13.00.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Fj\u00f6ldatakm\u00f6rkun: Einungis 30 manns geta veri\u00f0 \u00ed salnum \u00e1 me\u00f0an \u00e1 doktorsv\u00f6rninni stendur.\u00a0<\/strong><strong>V\u00f6rninni ver\u00f0ur streymt:\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/livestream.com\/hi\/doktorsvornhelgikristinnbjornsson\">https:\/\/livestream.com\/hi\/doktorsvornhelgikristinnbjornsson<\/a> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00c1grip<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Lifrarska\u00f0i af v\u00f6ldum lyfja (e. drug-induced liver injury: DILI) er sjaldg\u00e6f aukaverkun fj\u00f6lmargra lyfja og getur valdi\u00f0 allt fr\u00e1 einkennalausum h\u00e6kkunum lifrarpr\u00f3fa til lifrarbilunar og dau\u00f0a. \u00cd doktorsverkefninu er leitast vi\u00f0 a\u00f0 meta n\u00fdgengi DILI \u00ed almennu \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0i \u00e1 \u00cdslandi, finna helstu orsakavalda og reikna \u00fat hlutfall \u00feeirra sj\u00faklinga sem f\u00e1 lifrarska\u00f0a af tilteknum lyfjum. Einnig er kanna\u00f0 mikilv\u00e6gi DILI sem orsakavalds hj\u00e1 sj\u00faklingum me\u00f0 verulegar h\u00e6kkanir \u00e1 lifrarpr\u00f3fum auk \u00feess sem \u00e1h\u00e6tta \u00e1 DILI er k\u00f6nnu\u00f0 \u00ed sj\u00faklingum \u00e1 bl\u00f3\u00f0\u00feynningarlyfjum og krabbameinslyfjum. Enn fremur er rannsaka\u00f0ur lifrarska\u00f0i af v\u00f6ldum l\u00edft\u00e6knilyfsins infliximab og \u00e1vinningur af sterame\u00f0fer\u00f0 \u00ed \u00feeim sj\u00faklingah\u00f3pi metinn. N\u00fdgengi DILI \u00e1 \u00cdslandi var 19.1 \u00e1 hver 100.000 pers\u00f3nu\u00e1r. Lyf voru ors\u00f6k lifrarska\u00f0a \u00ed 84% tilfella en n\u00e1tt\u00faru- og f\u00e6\u00f0ub\u00f3tarefni \u00ed 16% tilfella. Algengustu orsakavaldar DILI voru amoxicill\u00edn-klav\u00falans\u00fdra (21 af 96; 22%), d\u00edkl\u00f3fenak (6%), azathioprine (4%), infliximab (4%) og nitrofurantoin (4%). DILI greindist hj\u00e1 1\/133 sj\u00faklingum \u00e1 azathioprine, 1\/148 \u00e1 infliximab og 1\/2350 \u00e1 amoxicillin-klav\u00falans\u00fdru. DILI reyndist 4. algengasta ors\u00f6k ALT yfir 500 U\/L. Eing\u00f6ngu 3 tilfelli af lifrarska\u00f0a af v\u00f6ldum bl\u00f3\u00f0\u00feynningarlyfja fundust \u00e1 \u00e1runum 2008-2017. Af 4956 sj\u00faklingum sem greindust me\u00f0 algeng krabbamein \u00e1 \u00e1runum 2007-2018 fundust eing\u00f6ngu 10 tilfelli af m\u00f6gulegum lifrarska\u00f0a af v\u00f6ldum krabbameinslyfja, en \u00fear var algengasti orsakavaldurinn pazopanib sem olli lifrarska\u00f0a \u00ed 11% af sj\u00faklingum sem me\u00f0h\u00f6ndla\u00f0ir voru me\u00f0 lyfinu. Um helmingur sj\u00faklinga me\u00f0 lifrarska\u00f0a af v\u00f6ldum infliximab fengu sterame\u00f0fer\u00f0 og voru v\u00edsbendingar um a\u00f0 s\u00fa me\u00f0fer\u00f0 fl\u00fdtti fyrir bata.<\/p>\n<p>Verkefni\u00f0 undirstrikar a\u00f0 lyf eru mikilv\u00e6g ors\u00f6k lifrarska\u00f0a \u00ed almennu \u00fe\u00fd\u00f0i. \u00c1h\u00e6ttan af lifrarska\u00f0a af v\u00f6ldum bl\u00f3\u00f0\u00feynningarlyfja og krabbameinslyfja reyndist vera l\u00e1g. Sterame\u00f0fer\u00f0 virtist hra\u00f0a bata \u00ed sj\u00faklingum me\u00f0 lifrarska\u00f0a af v\u00f6ldum infliximab, en frekari ranns\u00f3knir \u00fearf til a\u00f0 sta\u00f0festa orsakasamhengi.<\/p>\n<p><strong>English abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Idiosyncratic drug-induced liver injury (DILI) is a rare adverse event of most drugs, which can lead to acute liver failure and death. The project focused on the epidemiology of DILI in Iceland, the risk of liver injury in users of oral anticoagulants and cancer medications, in addition to the effect of corticosteroid treatment in infliximab-induced liver injury. Incidence of DILI in Iceland was 19.1 per 100,000 person years. The most common causative agents were amoxicillin-clavulanate (21 of 96; 22%), diclofenac (6%), azathioprine (4%), infliximab (4%) and nitrofurantoin (4%). DILI was diagnosed in 1 in 133 patients treated with azathioprine, 1 in 148 on infliximab and 1 in 2350 patients taking amoxicillin-clavulanate. DILI was the fourth most common cause of severe elevations of liver enzymes. DILI was rare in users of oral anticoagulants and patients diagnosed with common types of cancer. Corticosteroid treatment appeared to hasten the recovery of liver injury in patients with infliximab-DILI.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Um doktorsefni\u00f0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Helgi Kristinn Bj\u00f6rnsson er f\u00e6ddur \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk \u00feann 27. jan\u00faar 1989. Hann lauk st\u00fadentspr\u00f3fi af N\u00e1tt\u00faru- og F\u00e9lagsfr\u00e6\u00f0ibrautum Menntask\u00f3lans vi\u00f0 Hamrahl\u00ed\u00f0 \u00e1ri\u00f0 2009. Hann lauk BS-gr\u00e1\u00f0u \u00ed l\u00e6knisfr\u00e6\u00f0i fr\u00e1 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands 2012 og emb\u00e6ttispr\u00f3fi \u00ed l\u00e6knisfr\u00e6\u00f0i fr\u00e1 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands 2015. A\u00f0 loknu kand\u00eddats\u00e1ri h\u00f3f hann s\u00e9rn\u00e1m \u00ed almennum lyfl\u00e6kningum \u00e1 Landsp\u00edtala og lauk \u00fear \u00feriggja \u00e1ra n\u00e1mi me\u00f0 MRCP-gr\u00e1\u00f0u 2020. Samhli\u00f0a n\u00e1mi og starfi sem l\u00e6knir hefur Helgi stunda\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knarvinnu fr\u00e1 \u00e1rinu 2012. Foreldrar Helga eru Berglind Helgad\u00f3ttir og Bj\u00f6rn Hermannsson. Maki Helga er Krist\u00edn Sigur\u00f0ard\u00f3ttir, geislafr\u00e6\u00f0ingur og v\u00f6ruh\u00f6nnu\u00f0ur.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"featured_media":4934,"template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_phd_date_start":"2021-04-16T13:00:00+00:00","_phd_date_end":"2021-04-16T16:00:00+00:00","_phd_location":"A\u00f0albygging H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0asalur","_phd_admission":"A\u00f0gangur \u00f3keypis","_phd_thesis_title":"Lifrarska\u00f0i af v\u00f6ldum lyfja: Faraldsfr\u00e6\u00f0i, \u00e1h\u00e6tta af v\u00f6ldum tiltekinna lyfja og gagnsemi sterame\u00f0fer\u00f0ar vi\u00f0 lyfjaorsaka\u00f0ri lifrarb\u00f3lgu. 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