{"id":6101,"date":"2026-10-19T09:48:28","date_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-vid-raunvisindadeild-younes-abghoui\/"},"modified":"2026-10-19T09:48:28","modified_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:28","slug":"doktorsvorn-vid-raunvisindadeild-younes-abghoui","status":"publish","type":"phd_defence","link":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-vid-raunvisindadeild-younes-abghoui\/","title":{"rendered":"Doktorsv\u00f6rn vi\u00f0 Raunv\u00edsindadeild – Younes Abghoui"},"content":{"rendered":"
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M\u00e1nudaginn 13. mars ver\u00a0Younes Abghoui doktorsritger\u00f0 s\u00edna vi\u00f0 Raunv\u00edsindadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands. Ritger\u00f0in ber heiti\u00f0:\u00a0N\u00fdst\u00e1rlegir rafefnahvatar fyrir sj\u00e1lfb\u00e6ra amm\u00f3n\u00edaksframlei\u00f0slu vi\u00f0 herbergisa\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur (Novel electrocatalysts for sustainable ammonia production at ambient conditions).<\/p>\n

Andm\u00e6lendur eru dr. Justin Stephen James Hargreaves, lektor vi\u00f0 efnafr\u00e6\u00f0ideild H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00ed Glasgow, og dr.\u00a0Poul Georg Moses, framkv\u00e6mdastj\u00f3ri og verkefnisstj\u00f3ri Haldor Topsoe A\/S, Danm\u00f6rku.<\/p>\n

Lei\u00f0beinandi var dr. Egill Sk\u00falason, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 Raunv\u00edsindadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands. Einnig s\u00e1tu \u00ed doktorsnefnd dr. Sveinn \u00d3lafsson, v\u00edsindama\u00f0ur vi\u00f0 Raunv\u00edsindastofnun H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands og dr. Kristj\u00e1n Le\u00f3sson, framkv\u00e6mdastj\u00f3ri N\u00fdsk\u00f6punarmi\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0var \u00cdslands.<\/p>\n

Oddur Ing\u00f3lfsson, pr\u00f3fessor og deildarforseti Raunv\u00edsindadeildar H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands, st\u00fdrir v\u00f6rninni sem fer fram \u00ed H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0asal H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands og hefst kl. 14:00.<\/p>\n

\u00c1grip af ranns\u00f3kn<\/strong><\/p>\n

H\u00f6nnun \u00e1 sj\u00e1lfb\u00e6rri lei\u00f0 til a\u00f0 framlei\u00f0a amm\u00f3n\u00edak g\u00e6ti leitt til efnahagslegrar og umhverfislegrar byltingar. Me\u00f0 svipu\u00f0u ferli og \u00e1 s\u00e9r sta\u00f0 \u00ed ens\u00edmum \u00ed bakter\u00edum \u00ed jar\u00f0vegi v\u00e6ri h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 framlei\u00f0a amm\u00f3n\u00edak me\u00f0 rafefnafr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum a\u00f0fer\u00f0um \u00fear sem rafmagn e\u00f0a s\u00f3larorka v\u00e6ri nota\u00f0 til a\u00f0 afoxa nitur \u00far andr\u00famsloftinu \u00ed vatnslausn og mynda amm\u00f3n\u00edak vi\u00f0 n\u00e1tt\u00farulegar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur. \u00cd dag hefur ekki enn veri\u00f0 h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 \u00fatb\u00faa sl\u00edkt kerfi vegna h\u00e6gs hvarfhra\u00f0a og l\u00e1grar n\u00fdtni. Janfvel \u00fe\u00f3 a\u00f0 mikil framf\u00f6r \u00ed \u00e1tt a\u00f0 \u00feessu takmarki hafi \u00e1tt s\u00e9r sta\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ustu \u00e1r og \u00e1ratugi er \u00ed dag enginn efnahvati til sem hvatar \u00feetta efnahvarf rafefnafr\u00e6\u00f0ilega \u00ed amm\u00f3n\u00edak \u00e1 n\u00fdtanlegan h\u00e1tt, fr\u00e1 lofti og vatni vi\u00f0 herbergishita og venjulegan loft\u00fer\u00fdsting. Hr\u00f6\u00f0 og s\u00e9rt\u00e6k afoxun niturs fyrir sj\u00e1lfb\u00e6ra og orkulega hagkv\u00e6ma framlei\u00f0slu \u00e1 amm\u00f3n\u00edaki er lykillinn a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 h\u00e6gt s\u00e9 a\u00f0 n\u00fdta \u00feetta ferli fyrir vetnisgeymslu, sem milliskref \u00ed efnai\u00f0na\u00f0i e\u00f0a til framlei\u00f0slu \u00e1 \u00f3l\u00edfr\u00e6num \u00e1bur\u00f0i sem v\u00e6ri hugsanlega mesta notagildi sl\u00edkrar a\u00f0fer\u00f0ar. \u00c1 \u00feennan h\u00e1tt v\u00e6ri h\u00e6gt a\u00f0 hafa dreif\u00f0a \u00e1bur\u00f0arframlei\u00f0slu \u00e1 sm\u00e1um skala \u00fear sem N$_2$ v\u00e6ri afoxa\u00f0 \u00ed litlum hvarfklefum sem hef\u00f0u rafefnahvata sem v\u00e6ri st\u00f6\u00f0ugur, s\u00e9rt\u00e6kur og virkur fyrir amm\u00f3n\u00edaksmyndun vi\u00f0 umhverfisa\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur.<\/p>\n

\u00cd \u00feessari doktorsritger\u00f0 er kynnt til s\u00f6gunnar reikniefnafr\u00e6\u00f0ileg h\u00f6nnun \u00e1 m\u00f6gulegum n\u00fdjum og hagkv\u00e6mum rafefnahv\u00f6tum, m\u00e1lmn\u00edtr\u00ed\u00f0um, sem g\u00e6tu framkv\u00e6mt rafefnafr\u00e6\u00f0ilega afoxun \u00e1 nitursameindinni \u00ed amm\u00f3n\u00edak \u00ed vatnslausn vi\u00f0 herbergisa\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur og vi\u00f0 l\u00e1ga rafspennu. Skammtafr\u00e6\u00f0ilegir reikningar me\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e9ttnifellaa\u00f0fer\u00f0inni (e. density functional theory, DFT) eru nota\u00f0ir til a\u00f0 rannsaka \u00feessa n\u00fdju tegund efnahvata fyrir rafefnafr\u00e6\u00f0ilega amm\u00f3n\u00edaksmyndun. Orkul\u00e6gsti hvarfgangurinn fyrir \u00feetta ferli er hinn svokalla\u00f0i Mars-van Krevelen hvarfgangur \u00ed sta\u00f0 hef\u00f0bundinna hvarfganga \u00e1 bor\u00f0 vi\u00f0 sameindahvarfgang e\u00f0a sundrunarhvarfgang. \u00c1hugaver\u00f0ustu rafefnahvatarnir reyndust vera RuN, VN, CrN, ZrN og NbN samkv\u00e6mt skammtafr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu reikningunum \u00fear sem mikill fj\u00f6ldi af mismunandi m\u00e1lmn\u00edtr\u00ed\u00f0um voru sko\u00f0u\u00f0 \u00edtarlega. \u00d6ll fimm n\u00edtr\u00ed\u00f0in eru sp\u00e1\u00f0 vera virk og s\u00e9rt\u00e6k fyrir afoxun niturs \u00ed sta\u00f0 \u00feess a\u00f0 mynda vetnisgas sem er samkeppnishvarf, en hvatar \u00far hreinum m\u00e1lmum mynda frekar vetnisgas \u00ed sta\u00f0 amm\u00f3n\u00edaks. \u00deessi fimm \u00e1hugaver\u00f0ustu m\u00e1lmn\u00edtr\u00ed\u00f0 \u00e6ttu einnig a\u00f0 vera st\u00f6\u00f0ug me\u00f0 tilliti til \u00feess a\u00f0 \u00feau skemmast ekki \u00ed raflausninni, ey\u00f0ast e\u00f0a sundrast vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e6r rafefnafr\u00e6\u00f0ilegu a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur sem \u00feau \u00feurfa a\u00f0 geta \u00feola\u00f0. S\u00e9rst\u00f6k einkrist\u00f6llu\u00f0 yfirbor\u00f0 g\u00e6ti \u00feurft a\u00f0 nota til a\u00f0 n\u00e1 fram h\u00e1rri n\u00fdtni \u00e1 amm\u00f3n\u00edaksmyndun \u00fear sem margkrist\u00f6llu\u00f0 yfirbor\u00f0 g\u00e6tu leitt til a\u00f0 efnahvatinn ey\u00f0ist upp \u00ed ferlinu. \u00deessi \u00fer\u00f3unarvinna g\u00e6ti reynst mikilv\u00e6gt skref \u00ed \u00e1tt a\u00f0 a\u00f0fer\u00f0 sem getur framleitt amm\u00f3n\u00edak \u00e1 \u00f3d\u00fdran h\u00e1tt fr\u00e1 nitri andr\u00famsloftsins, vatni og rafmagni vi\u00f0 venjulegar umhverfisa\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur. Aukalegur \u00e1vinningur af a\u00f0fer\u00f0afr\u00e6\u00f0inni sem h\u00e9r hefur veri\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f3u\u00f0 er a\u00f0 h\u00e6gt ver\u00f0ur a\u00f0 nota svipa\u00f0a a\u00f0fer\u00f0 til a\u00f0 rannsaka \u00f6nnur efnahv\u00f6tu\u00f0 hv\u00f6rf \u00ed vatnslausnum \u00fear sem Mars-van Krevelen hvarfgangurinn er m\u00f6gulegur og \u00fear sem s\u00e9rt\u00e6kni \u00e1 myndun \u00e1kve\u00f0inna myndefna og virkni efnahvatanna eru lykilskilyr\u00f0i.<\/p>\n

Um doktorsefni\u00f0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Younes Abghoui er f\u00e6ddur 1981 og lauk bakkal\u00e1rgr\u00e1\u00f0u \u00ed efnafr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed Mashhad \u00ed \u00cdran. Eftir \u00fea\u00f0 vann hann \u00ed \u00ferj\u00fa \u00e1r \u00ed t\u00e6kni- og verkfr\u00e6\u00f0ideild st\u00e6rsta b\u00edlaframlei\u00f0anda Mi\u00f0-Austurlanda, sem er \u00ed \u00cdran, Iran Khodro. A\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed loknu fluttist hann til Sv\u00ed\u00fej\u00f3\u00f0ar \u00fear sem hann lauk meistaragr\u00e1\u00f0u \u00ed l\u00edfefna- og l\u00edfe\u00f0lisfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegri efnafr\u00e6\u00f0i hj\u00e1 pr\u00f3fessor Ian A. Nicholls, vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00ed Kalmar. Meistaraverkefni Younes var b\u00e6\u00f0i tilraunavinna og t\u00f6lvureikningar \u00fear sem hann rannsaka\u00f0i hvarfsta\u00f0i lyfsins oseltamivir sem og ens\u00edmsins neuraminidasa. Metna\u00f0ur til a\u00f0 auka vi\u00f0 sig n\u00fdrri \u00feekkingu \u00ed v\u00edsindum leiddi hann \u00e1 n\u00fdja braut \u00fear sem hann t\u00f3k vi\u00f0 doktorsst\u00f6\u00f0u hj\u00e1 ungum en virkum ranns\u00f3knah\u00f3pi undir handlei\u00f0slu pr\u00f3fessors Egils Sk\u00falasonar. \u00dear t\u00f3k hann a\u00f0 s\u00e9r doktorsverkefni sem mi\u00f0a\u00f0i a\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 finna sj\u00e1lfb\u00e6ra lausn \u00e1 f\u00e6\u00f0u\u00f6ryggi \u00fear sem endurvinnanleg orka er notu\u00f0. Younes er or\u00f0inn vel m\u00f3ta\u00f0ur ranns\u00f3knarma\u00f0ur me\u00f0 g\u00f3\u00f0a reynslu \u00ed hagn\u00fdtum ranns\u00f3knum til a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f3a sj\u00e1lfb\u00e6rar lausnir fyrir efnai\u00f0na\u00f0 og ver n\u00fa doktorsritger\u00f0 s\u00edna.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"featured_media":5252,"template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_phd_date_start":"","_phd_date_end":"","_phd_location":"A\u00f0albygging","_phd_admission":"A\u00f0gangur \u00f3keypis","_phd_thesis_title":"N\u00fdst\u00e1rlegir rafefnahvatar fyrir sj\u00e1lfb\u00e6ra amm\u00f3n\u00edaksframlei\u00f0slu vi\u00f0 herbergisa\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur (Novel electrocatalysts for sustainable ammonia production at ambient conditions)","_phd_source_url":"https:\/\/gamli.hi.is\/vidburdir\/doktorsvorn_vid_raunvisindadeild_younes_abghoui","_phd_source_node_id":"308930","_phd_source_type":"vidburdir","_phd_member_id":510,"footnotes":""},"phd_school":[101,93],"phd_discipline":[102],"class_list":["post-6101","phd_defence","type-phd_defence","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","phd_school-raunvisindadeild","phd_school-verkfraedi-og-natturuvisindasvid","phd_discipline-phd-i-efnafraedi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_defence\/6101","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_defence"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/phd_defence"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_defence\/6101\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/5252"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6101"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"phd_school","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_school?post=6101"},{"taxonomy":"phd_discipline","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_discipline?post=6101"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}