{"id":5989,"date":"2026-10-19T09:48:20","date_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-lif-og-laeknavisindum-marianna-thordardottir\/"},"modified":"2026-10-19T09:48:20","modified_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:20","slug":"doktorsvorn-i-lif-og-laeknavisindum-marianna-thordardottir","status":"publish","type":"phd_defence","link":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-lif-og-laeknavisindum-marianna-thordardottir\/","title":{"rendered":"Doktorsv\u00f6rn \u00ed l\u00edf- og l\u00e6knav\u00edsindum – Mar\u00edanna \u00de\u00f3r\u00f0ard\u00f3ttir"},"content":{"rendered":"
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F\u00f6studaginn 15. febr\u00faar ver Mar\u00edanna \u00de\u00f3r\u00f0ard\u00f3ttir doktorsritger\u00f0 s\u00edna \u00ed l\u00edf- og l\u00e6knav\u00edsindum vi\u00f0 L\u00e6knadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands. Ritger\u00f0in ber heiti\u00f0: Obesity and dietary habits across the lifespan and risk of multiple myeloma and its precursor. Holdafar og matar\u00e6\u00f0i \u00e1 mismunandi \u00e6viskei\u00f0um og tengsl vi\u00f0 merg\u00e6xli og forstig \u00feess. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Andm\u00e6lendur eru dr. Emily Sonestedt, d\u00f3sent \u00ed faraldsfr\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 h\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00ed Lundi, og Sigr\u00ed\u00f0ur L\u00e1ra Gu\u00f0mundsd\u00f3ttir, d\u00f3sent vi\u00f0 Deild heilsueflingar, \u00ed\u00fer\u00f3tta og t\u00f3mstunda vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands.<\/p>\n

Umsj\u00f3narkennari og lei\u00f0beinandi var dr. Sigur\u00f0ur Yngvi Kristinsson, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 L\u00e6knadeild. Auk hans s\u00e1tu \u00ed doktorsnefnd dr. Vilmundur Gu\u00f0nason pr\u00f3fessor, dr. Laufey Steingr\u00edmsd\u00f3ttir, dr. Sigr\u00fan Helga Lund og dr. Ola Landgren.<\/p>\n

Engilbert Sigur\u00f0sson, pr\u00f3fessor og forseti L\u00e6knadeildar, stj\u00f3rnar ath\u00f6fninni sem fer fram \u00ed H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0asal H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands og hefst kl. 09:00.<\/p>\n

\u00c1grip af ranns\u00f3kn<\/strong><\/p>\n

Merg\u00e6xli er \u00f3l\u00e6knandi krabbamein \u00ed beinmerg sem upprunni\u00f0 er \u00ed m\u00f3tefnamyndandi plasmafrumum. Forstig merg\u00e6xlis kallast g\u00f3\u00f0kynja einstofna m\u00f3tefnah\u00e6kkun (e. monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance, MGUS) og einkennist af h\u00e6kkun \u00e1 einstofna m\u00f3tefni \u00ed bl\u00f3\u00f0i \u00e1n \u00feess a\u00f0 skilmerkjum um merg\u00e6xli e\u00f0a a\u00f0ra tengda sj\u00fakd\u00f3ma s\u00e9 a\u00f0 r\u00e6\u00f0a. Ors\u00f6k MGUS og merg\u00e6xlis er a\u00f0 miklu leyti \u00f3\u00feekkt en \u00feekktir \u00e1h\u00e6ttu\u00fe\u00e6ttir eru aldur, kyn, kyn\u00fe\u00e1ttur og fj\u00f6lskyldusaga. Merg\u00e6xli b\u00e6ttist n\u00fdlega \u00ed h\u00f3p \u00feeirra krabbameina sem tali\u00f0 er a\u00f0 offita hafi \u00e1hrif \u00e1 en ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 \u00e1hrifum annarra l\u00edfsst\u00edlstengdra \u00fe\u00e1tta \u00e1 merg\u00e6xli eru f\u00e1ar og eru ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur \u00feeirra ekki afgerandi. Meginmarkmi\u00f0 \u00feessarar ritger\u00f0ar var a\u00f0 kanna \u00e1hrif offitu og matar\u00e6\u00f0is \u00e1 MGUS og fram\u00fer\u00f3un yfir \u00ed merg\u00e6xli og tengda sj\u00fakd\u00f3ma.<\/p>\n

Ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur benda til \u00feess matar\u00e6\u00f0i spili hlutverk b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed \u00fer\u00f3un MGUS og fram\u00fer\u00f3un yfir \u00ed merg\u00e6xli og tengda sj\u00fakd\u00f3ma. Einnig benda \u00fe\u00e6r til \u00feess a\u00f0 l\u00edkams\u00feyngdarstu\u00f0ull \u00e1 mi\u00f0jum aldri s\u00e9 \u00e1h\u00e6ttu\u00fe\u00e1ttur fyrir fram\u00fer\u00f3un \u00far MGUS\/LC-MGUS yfir \u00ed merg\u00e6xli og tengda sj\u00fakd\u00f3ma. \u00deessar ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur gefa til kynna a\u00f0 heg\u00f0unar- og umhverfis\u00fe\u00e6ttir eigi \u00fe\u00e1tt \u00ed \u00fer\u00f3un merg\u00e6xlis og undirstrika mikilv\u00e6gi \u00feess a\u00f0 taka heilsusamlegar \u00e1kvar\u00f0anir er var\u00f0a l\u00edfsst\u00edl.<\/p>\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n

Multiple myeloma is a malignant chronic B-cell disorder characterized by a monoclonal proliferation of plasma cells in the bone marrow. Almost all multiple myeloma cases are preceded by the premalignant state, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). The etiology of multiple myeloma and MGUS is to a large extent unknown, with age, sex, race, and family history as the most established risk factors. Obesity was recently acknowledged as the first identified modifiable risk factor for multiple myeloma, but results on other lifestyle-related factors, such as diet, are scarce and inconclusive. The overall aim of this thesis was to examine the impact of obesity and diet on MGUS as well as its effect on progression from MGUS to multiple myeloma and other lymphoproliferative diseases.\u00a0<\/p>\n

The results suggest that diet plays a role in the etiology of MGUS and multiple myeloma. They additionally suggest that BMI is a risk factor for progression from MGUS\/LC-MGUS to multiple myeloma and related diseases. These findings indicate a potential role of behavioral and environmental factors in myelomagenesis and that the risk of multiple myeloma can be modified by taking favorable lifestyle related decisions.<\/p>\n

Um doktorsefni\u00f0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mar\u00edanna \u00de\u00f3r\u00f0ard\u00f3ttir er f\u00e6dd \u00e1ri\u00f0 1983. H\u00fan lauk BS-pr\u00f3fi \u00ed Global Nutrition and Health fr\u00e1 Metropol University College \u00ed Kaupmannah\u00f6fn \u00e1ri\u00f0 2010 og meistaragr\u00e1\u00f0u \u00ed l\u00fd\u00f0heilsuv\u00edsindum fr\u00e1 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands \u00e1ri\u00f0 2013. Mar\u00edanna hefur samhli\u00f0a doktorsn\u00e1mi sinnt kennslu vi\u00f0 Mi\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0 \u00ed l\u00fd\u00f0heilsuv\u00edsindum \u00e1samt \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 vinna a\u00f0 \u00fdmsum ranns\u00f3knartengdum verkefnum vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands. H\u00fan er n\u00fa a\u00f0 hefja st\u00f6rf sem verkefnisstj\u00f3ri \u00e1 svi\u00f0i s\u00f3ttvarna hj\u00e1 Emb\u00e6tti landl\u00e6knis. Foreldrar Mar\u00ed\u00f6nnu eru \u00de\u00f3r\u00f0ur \u00d3lafsson og Krist\u00edn B\u00e1ra Alfredsd\u00f3ttir. Maki Mar\u00ed\u00f6nnu er \u00der\u00e1inn Fannar Gunnarsson og d\u00e6tur \u00feeirra eru Elena Margr\u00e9t 17 \u00e1ra, Rebekka 9 \u00e1ra og Eyja Krist\u00edn 5 \u00e1ra<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"featured_media":1185,"template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_phd_date_start":"2019-02-15T09:00:00+00:00","_phd_date_end":"2019-02-15T12:00:00+00:00","_phd_location":"A\u00f0albygging H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0asalur","_phd_admission":"A\u00f0gangur \u00f3keypis","_phd_thesis_title":"Obesity and dietary habits across the lifespan and risk of multiple myeloma and its precursor. 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