{"id":5988,"date":"2026-10-19T09:48:20","date_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-lif-og-laeknavisindum-marita-debess-magnussen\/"},"modified":"2026-10-19T09:48:20","modified_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:20","slug":"doktorsvorn-i-lif-og-laeknavisindum-marita-debess-magnussen","status":"publish","type":"phd_defence","link":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-lif-og-laeknavisindum-marita-debess-magnussen\/","title":{"rendered":"Doktorsv\u00f6rn \u00ed l\u00edf- og l\u00e6knav\u00edsindum – Marita Debess Magnussen"},"content":{"rendered":"
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F\u00f6studaginn 21. september n\u00e6stkomandi ver Marita Debess Magnussen doktorsritger\u00f0 s\u00edna \u00ed l\u00edf- og l\u00e6knav\u00edsindum vi\u00f0 L\u00e6knadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands. Ritger\u00f0in ber heiti\u00f0: S\u00fdklalyfja\u00f3n\u00e6mi hj\u00e1 Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes og Escherichia coli \u00ed F\u00e6reyjum, tengsl vi\u00f0 s\u00fdklalyfjanotkun og samanbur\u00f0ur vi\u00f0 \u00cdsland og Danm\u00f6rku. Antimicrobial resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae, Streptococcus pyogenes and Escherichia coli from the Faroese population, correlation with antimicrobial use and comparison with Iceland and Denmark.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Andm\u00e6lendur eru dr. Anders Koch, s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0il\u00e6knir \u00ed smitsj\u00fakd\u00f3mum og faraldsfr\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 Statens Serum Institut, Kaupmannah\u00f6fn og dr. Valt\u00fdr Stef\u00e1nsson Thors, s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0il\u00e6knir \u00ed smitsj\u00fakd\u00f3mum barna, Barnasp\u00edtala Hringsins.<\/p>\n

Umsj\u00f3narkennari og lei\u00f0beinendi var Karl G. Kristinsson, pr\u00f3fessor. \u00a0Auk \u00feeirra s\u00e1tu \u00ed doktorsnefnd Helga Erlendsd\u00f3ttir l\u00edfeindafr\u00e6\u00f0ingur, P\u00e1l Magni Weihe, yfirl\u00e6knir, Shahin Gaini, yfirl\u00e6knir og \u00de\u00f3r\u00f3lfur Gu\u00f0nason, S\u00f3ttvarnal\u00e6knir.<\/p>\n

\u00a0Engilbert Sigur\u00f0sson pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 L\u00e6knadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands, stj\u00f3rnar ath\u00f6fninni sem fer fram \u00ed H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0asal H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands og hefst kl. 9:00.<\/p>\n

\u00c1grip af ranns\u00f3kn<\/strong><\/p>\n

Landfr\u00e6\u00f0ileg einangrun F\u00e6reyja gerir eyjaklasann a\u00f0 \u00e1kj\u00f3sanlegum sta\u00f0 fyrir ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 berat\u00ed\u00f0ni bakter\u00eda, kl\u00f3nasamsetningu \u00feeirra og b\u00f3lusetningaranns\u00f3knir. Engu a\u00f0 s\u00ed\u00f0ur hafa sl\u00edkar ranns\u00f3knir ekki veri\u00f0 fyrir hendi og takmarka\u00f0ur a\u00f0gangur a\u00f0 nau\u00f0synlegum g\u00f6gnum hefur hamla\u00f0 sl\u00edkum ranns\u00f3knum. \u00deau n\u00fdju g\u00f6gn og greiningar sem birtast \u00ed \u00feessari ritger\u00f0 gefa mikilv\u00e6gar uppl\u00fdsingar um s\u00fdklalyfja\u00f3n\u00e6mi hj\u00e1 \u00feremur meinvaldandi bakter\u00edum \u00ed m\u00f6nnum \u00ed F\u00e6reyjum \u2013 strept\u00f3kokkum af flokki A (GAS), Escherichia coli og pneum\u00f3kokkum. \u00c1lykta m\u00e1 a\u00f0 tengslin \u00e1 milli s\u00fdklalyfja\u00f3n\u00e6mis hj\u00e1 E. coli og s\u00fdklalyfjanotkunar r\u00e9ttl\u00e6ti endurmat \u00e1 stefnu vi\u00f0 val \u00e1 s\u00fdklalyfjum vi\u00f0 \u00fevagf\u00e6ras\u00fdkingum. Berat\u00ed\u00f0ni pneum\u00f3kokka \u00ed b\u00f6rnum \u00e1 leiksk\u00f3lum var l\u00e1g og s\u00fdklalyfja\u00f3n\u00e6mi sjaldg\u00e6ft. Algengi pneum\u00f3kokka me\u00f0 minnka\u00f0 n\u00e6mi fyrir penisill\u00edni var l\u00e1gt \u00ed samanbur\u00f0i vi\u00f0 \u00cdsland og Danm\u00f6rku. B\u00f3lusetningar\u00e1\u00e6tlunin fr\u00e1 2008 vir\u00f0ist hafa f\u00e6kka\u00f0 b\u00f3luefnishj\u00fapger\u00f0um \u00ed \u00edfarandi s\u00fdkingum og auk \u00feess eru v\u00edsibendingar um breytingar \u00e1 algengi tiltekinna hj\u00fapger\u00f0a pneum\u00f3kokka \u00ed berum. T\u00f6lfr\u00e6\u00f0il\u00edkan um \u00fer\u00f3un s\u00fdklalyfja\u00f3n\u00e6mis hj\u00e1 E. coli au\u00f0veldar\u00a0 okkur a\u00f0 gera raunh\u00e6far sp\u00e1r um \u00fer\u00f3un \u00f3n\u00e6mis samfara aukinni s\u00f6lu s\u00fdklalyfja og g\u00e6ti gagnast \u00f6\u00f0rum \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0um \u00ed eftirliti \u00feeirra me\u00f0 s\u00fdklalyfja\u00f3n\u00e6mi. Me\u00f0 \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 bera saman ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur tengdar F\u00e6reysku \u00fej\u00f3\u00f0inni vi\u00f0 ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur n\u00e1grannalandanna \u00cdslands og Danm\u00f6rku, hefur n\u00fa i fyrsta sinn fengist mat \u00e1 st\u00f6\u00f0u F\u00e6reyja \u00ed samhengi vi\u00f0 \u00fe\u00e1 alheims\u00f3gn sem ste\u00f0jar af fj\u00f6l\u00f3n\u00e6mum bakter\u00edum.<\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

The geographic remoteness of the Faroe Islands makes the archipelago an ideal location for research on bacterial carriage, their clonality, and vaccine studies.\u00a0 However, previous studies are lacking and the limited availability of necessary data has hampered such investigations. The novel data collection and analysis presented in this thesis provides valuable knowledge on the antibacterial resistance in three human bacterial pathogens – group A Streptococcus (GAS), Escherichia coli and pneumococci in the Faroes. The association between antibacterial resistance in E. coli and antibacterial use justifies a re-evaluation of antibacterial policies regarding treatment of urinary tract infections. The pneumococcal carriage rate in children attending day-care centres was low and antibacterial resistance in pneumococci was rare. The prevalence of penicillin non-susceptible pneumococci was low compared to Iceland and Denmark. The established vaccine program in 2008 appears to have reduced incidence of vaccine serotypes in invasive pneumococcal disease, and there is furthermore indication of changes in the prevalence of serotypes in pneumococcal carriage. A statistical model on the evolution of resistance in E. coli facilitates realistic predictions of the future developments in resistance with increased antibiotic sales and provides a valuable tool which can be used by resistance monitoring programs in other communities. Furthermore, by comparing results related to the Faroese population with the neighbouring countries, Iceland and Denmark, the first assessment of the Faroe Islands status with regards to the global multi-resistance threat has been provided.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Um doktorsefni\u00f0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Marita Debess Magnussen er f\u00e6dd \u00e1ri\u00f0 1975. H\u00fan hefur \u00e1\u00f0ur hloti\u00f0 meistaragr\u00e1\u00f0u (MSc) fr\u00e1 \u201cLondon School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London\u201d. 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