{"id":5961,"date":"2026-10-19T09:48:14","date_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-laeknavisindum-agnar-bjarnason\/"},"modified":"2026-10-19T09:48:14","modified_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:14","slug":"doktorsvorn-i-laeknavisindum-agnar-bjarnason","status":"publish","type":"phd_defence","link":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-laeknavisindum-agnar-bjarnason\/","title":{"rendered":"Doktorsv\u00f6rn \u00ed l\u00e6knav\u00edsindum – Agnar Bjarnason"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Mi\u00f0vikudaginn 9. ma\u00ed ver Agnar Bjarnason doktorsritger\u00f0 s\u00edna \u00ed l\u00e6knav\u00edsindum vi\u00f0 L\u00e6knadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands. Ritger\u00f0in ber heiti\u00f0:<\/strong> \u201e<\/strong>Orsakavaldar, \u00e1h\u00e6ttu\u00fe\u00e6ttir og afdrif fullor\u00f0inna me\u00f0 lungnab\u00f3lgu.\u201c \u201cEtiology, risk factors and outcomes for adults with pneumonia requiring hospital admission.\u201c<\/strong><\/p>\n

Andm\u00e6lendur eru Dr. David Murdoch, deildarforseti og pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 l\u00e6knadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00ed Otago \u00e1 N\u00fdja Sj\u00e1landi og Dr. Gunnar Gu\u00f0mundsson, pr\u00f3fessor og s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur \u00ed lyfl\u00e6kningum og lungnal\u00e6kningum \u00e1 Landsp\u00edtala.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Umsj\u00f3narkennari og lei\u00f0beinandi var Magn\u00fas Gottfre\u00f0sson, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 L\u00e6knadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands. Auk hans s\u00e1tu \u00ed doktorsnefnd Karl G. Kristinsson, pr\u00f3fessor, Arth\u00far L\u00f6ve, pr\u00f3fessor, \u00d3lafur Baldursson og Lars-Magnus Andersson.<\/p>\n

Engilbert Sigur\u00f0sson, pr\u00f3fessor og deildarforseti vi\u00f0 L\u00e6knadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands, stj\u00f3rnar ath\u00f6fninni sem fer fram \u00ed H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0asal H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands og hefst kl. 13:00.<\/p>\n

\u00c1grip af ranns\u00f3kn<\/strong><\/p>\n

Lungnab\u00f3lga er algeng d\u00e1narors\u00f6k og \u00e1st\u00e6\u00f0a sj\u00fakrah\u00fasvistar um allan heim. Fj\u00f6lmargir meinvaldar geta valdi\u00f0 sj\u00fakd\u00f3mnum en \u00feekkingu \u00e1 algengi \u00feeirra er \u00e1b\u00f3tavant. Me\u00f0fer\u00f0 er gjarnan valin \u00fat fr\u00e1 faraldsfr\u00e6\u00f0ilegum uppl\u00fdsingum.<\/p>\n

Markmi\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knarinnar voru a\u00f0 sko\u00f0a lungnab\u00f3lgu sem lei\u00f0ir til sj\u00fakrah\u00fasinnlagnar \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk, b\u00e6\u00f0i\u00a0 almennt og s\u00e9rstaklega \u00ed tengslum vi\u00f0 heimsfaraldur infl\u00faensu. \u00d6nnur markmi\u00f0 voru a\u00f0 bera PCR ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 munnkokss\u00fdnum saman vi\u00f0 a\u00f0rar greiningara\u00f0fer\u00f0ir og sko\u00f0a gagnsemi hugtaksins sj\u00fakrah\u00fastengd lungnab\u00f3lgu vi\u00f0 \u00edslenskar a\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur. \u00d6llum fullor\u00f0num sem \u00feurftu innl\u00f6gn vegna lungnab\u00f3lgu fr\u00e1 desember 2008 til n\u00f3vember 2009 var bo\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 taka \u00fe\u00e1tt og v\u00ed\u00f0t\u00e6k leit ger\u00f0 a\u00f0 meinv\u00f6ldum.<\/p>\n

N\u00fdgengi var 20,6 innlagnir vegna samf\u00e9lagslungnab\u00f3lgu \u00e1 10.000 fullor\u00f0na \u00e1 \u00e1ri. Meinvaldur fannst hj\u00e1 54% en S. pneumoniae (20%) og M. pneumoniae (12%) voru algengustu orsakir samf\u00e9lagslungnab\u00f3lgu. Veirur fundust hj\u00e1 15% en >1 meinvaldur hj\u00e1 10%. Notkun s\u00fdklalyfja fyrir innl\u00f6gn tengdist breyttu mynstri meinvalda. Me\u00f0an heimsfaraldurinn 2009 st\u00f3\u00f0 sem h\u00e6st h\u00f6f\u00f0u 38% lungnab\u00f3lgusj\u00faklinga infl\u00faensu. Alvarleiki lungnab\u00f3lgu \u00ed \u00feessum h\u00f3pi var vanmetinn af alvarleikastigunarkerfum en \u00feessir sj\u00faklingar voru a\u00f0 jafna\u00f0i yngri en jafnframt l\u00edklegri til a\u00f0 \u00feurfa gj\u00f6rg\u00e6slume\u00f0fer\u00f0 e\u00f0a \u00f6ndunarv\u00e9l. A\u00f0rir meinvaldar fundust hj\u00e1 23%.<\/p>\n

N\u00e6mi og s\u00e9rt\u00e6ki PCR ranns\u00f3knar \u00e1 munnkokss\u00fdnum voru 87% og 79% fyrir S. pneumoniae og 75% og 80% fyrir H. influenzae. Neikv\u00e6\u00f0ar ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur h\u00f6f\u00f0u sterkara forsp\u00e1rgildi en j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0ar.<\/p>\n

St\u00f3ran hluta lungnab\u00f3lguinnlagna \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk (37%) m\u00e1tti flokka sem sj\u00fakrah\u00fastengda lungnab\u00f3lgu sem tengdist breyttu mynstri orsakavalda. D\u00e1nart\u00ed\u00f0ni var h\u00e6rri \u00ed \u00feessum h\u00f3pi, 10% mi\u00f0a\u00f0 vi\u00f0 1% \u00ed samf\u00e9lagslungnab\u00f3lgu. Engar fj\u00f6l\u00f3n\u00e6mar bakter\u00edur greindust og g\u00e1tu \u00fev\u00ed ekki sk\u00fdrt \u00feennan mun.<\/p>\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pneumonia is a leading cause of death and hospital admission. While many causative agents have been identified, prior etiologic studies have had differing results.<\/p>\n

The aims of this study were: to examine clinical factors and microbial etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) requiring admission in Reykjavik with a special focus on pandemic influenza related CAP; explore the diagnostic utility of PCR-analysis of oropharyngeal samples; and examine of health-care associated pneumonia (HCAP) in Reykjav\u00edk. Adult admissions to Landspitali due to pneumonia from December 2008 to November 2009 were recruited prospectively and etiological testing performed.<\/p>\n

\u00a0The incidence of hospitalization due to CAP was 20.6 admissions per 10,000 adults per year. An etiologic agent was detected in 54% of cases, most commonly S. pneumoniae (20%) and M. pneumoniae (12%). Viruses were found in 15% and >1 pathogen in 10%.<\/p>\n

During the peak of the pandemic 38% of CAP admissions had influenza. Severity scores underestimated risk in this group which was younger but were more likely to require intensive care. Co-infections were detected in 23%. The sensitivity and specificity of oropharyngeal PCR was 87% and 79% for S. pneumoniae and 75% and 80% for H. influenzae. Over 1\/3rd of admissions met criteria for HCAP. Mortality was 10% compared to 1% among CAP patients. No multiple-resistant bacteria were detected and microbial resistance did not explain this difference in mortality.<\/p>\n

Um doktorsefni\u00f0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Agnar Bjarnason er f\u00e6ddur 1978. Foreldrar hans eru Bjarni A. Agnarsson l\u00e6knir og Sigr\u00ed\u00f0ur J\u00f3nsd\u00f3ttir l\u00edfeindafr\u00e6\u00f0ingur. Eiginkona hans er Brynja \u00c1rmannssd\u00f3ttir l\u00e6knir, og eiga \u00feau b\u00f6rnin \u00c1rmann Bjarna og Br\u00edeti A\u00f0albj\u00f6rgu.<\/p>\n

Agnar lauk emb\u00e6ttispr\u00f3fi \u00ed l\u00e6knisfr\u00e6\u00f0i fr\u00e1 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands \u00e1ri\u00f0 2005 og var \u00ed kj\u00f6lfari\u00f0 kand\u00eddat og s\u00ed\u00f0ar s\u00e9rn\u00e1msl\u00e6knir \u00e1 Landsp\u00edtala til 2010. Vi\u00f0 t\u00f3k framhaldsn\u00e1m \u00e1 Smitsj\u00fakd\u00f3madeild Sahlgrenska h\u00e1sk\u00f3lasj\u00fakrah\u00fassins \u00ed Gautaborg en hann lauk s\u00e9rn\u00e1mi \u00ed lyfl\u00e6kningum 2012 og smitsj\u00fakd\u00f3mal\u00e6kningum 2014. \u00cd kj\u00f6lfari\u00f0 vann hann sem s\u00e9rfr\u00e6\u00f0ingur vi\u00f0 deildina \u00fear til fj\u00f6lskyldan flutti heim \u00e1ri\u00f0 2017. N\u00fa starfar hann vi\u00f0 Smitsj\u00fakd\u00f3madeild Landsp\u00edtala.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"featured_media":1112,"template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_phd_date_start":"2018-05-09T13:00:00+00:00","_phd_date_end":"2018-05-09T16:00:00+00:00","_phd_location":"A\u00f0albygging H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0asalur","_phd_admission":"A\u00f0gangur \u00f3keypis","_phd_thesis_title":"Orsakavaldar, \u00e1h\u00e6ttu\u00fe\u00e6ttir og afdrif fullor\u00f0inna me\u00f0 lungnab\u00f3lgu.\u201c \u201cEtiology, risk factors and outcomes for adults with pneumonia requiring hospital admission.","_phd_source_url":"https:\/\/gamli.hi.is\/vidburdir\/doktorsvorn_i_laeknavisindum_agnar_bjarnason","_phd_source_node_id":"310966","_phd_source_type":"vidburdir","_phd_member_id":115,"footnotes":""},"phd_school":[60,67],"phd_discipline":[69],"class_list":["post-5961","phd_defence","type-phd_defence","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","phd_school-heilbrigdisvisindasvid","phd_school-laeknadeild","phd_discipline-phd-i-laeknavisindum"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_defence\/5961","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_defence"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/phd_defence"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_defence\/5961\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1112"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5961"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"phd_school","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_school?post=5961"},{"taxonomy":"phd_discipline","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_discipline?post=5961"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}