{"id":5952,"date":"2026-10-19T09:48:13","date_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-lyfjafraedi-helga-helgadottir\/"},"modified":"2026-10-19T09:48:13","modified_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:13","slug":"doktorsvorn-i-lyfjafraedi-helga-helgadottir","status":"publish","type":"phd_defence","link":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-lyfjafraedi-helga-helgadottir\/","title":{"rendered":"Doktorsv\u00f6rn \u00ed lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0i – Helga Helgad\u00f3ttir"},"content":{"rendered":"
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F\u00f6studaginn 23. okt\u00f3ber ver Helga Helgad\u00f3ttir doktorsritger\u00f0 s\u00edna \u00ed lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 Lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0ideild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands. Ritger\u00f0in ber heiti\u00f0: Fyrirbyggjandi me\u00f0fer\u00f0 me\u00f0 aspir\u00edni til a\u00f0 koma \u00ed veg fyrir me\u00f0g\u00f6ngueitrun. Ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 verkunarm\u00e1ta og \u00fer\u00f3un a\u00f0fer\u00f0a til notkunar \u00ed kl\u00edn\u00edskum pr\u00f3funum. Prophylactic use of aspirin to prevent the development of preeclampsia. Studies of mechanism of action and method development for clinical trials.<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00f6rninni ver\u00f0ur streymt:\u00a0https:\/\/livestream.com\/hi\/doktorsvorhelgahelgadottir<\/a><\/p>\n

Andm\u00e6lendur eru dr. Sandra Thomas Davidge, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 University of Alberta, Kanada, og dr. Alexander Sm\u00e1rason, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lann \u00e1 Akureyri.<\/p>\n

Umsj\u00f3narkennari og lei\u00f0beinandi var dr. Sveinbj\u00f6rn Gizurarson, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 Lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0ideild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands og me\u00f0lei\u00f0beinandi var dr. Maurizio Mandal\u00e0, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 University of Calabria, \u00cdtal\u00edu. A\u00f0rir \u00ed doktorsnefnd voru El\u00edn Soff\u00eda \u00d3lafsd\u00f3ttir, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 Lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0ideild, Gu\u00f0mundur \u00deorgeirsson, pr\u00f3fessor emeritus vi\u00f0 L\u00e6knadeild, og Hildur Har\u00f0ard\u00f3ttir, d\u00f3sent vi\u00f0 L\u00e6knadeild.<\/p>\n

El\u00edn Soff\u00eda, pr\u00f3fessor og forseti Lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0ideildar, stj\u00f3rnar ath\u00f6fninni sem fer fram \u00ed H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0asal H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands og hefst kl. 11.00.<\/p>\n

Fj\u00f6ldatakm\u00f6rkun: Einungis 30 manns geta veri\u00f0 \u00ed salnum \u00e1 me\u00f0an doktorsv\u00f6rninni stendur.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c1grip af ranns\u00f3kn<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aspir\u00edn er nota\u00f0 sem fyrirbyggjandi me\u00f0fer\u00f0 gegn hjarta- og \u00e6\u00f0asj\u00fakd\u00f3mum en n\u00fdlega hefur \u00fea\u00f0 einnig veri\u00f0 nota\u00f0 til a\u00f0 koma \u00ed veg fyrir me\u00f0g\u00f6ngueitrun (ME). \u00der\u00e1tt fyrir \u00edtarlegar ranns\u00f3knir er verkunarm\u00e1ti aspir\u00edns \u00ed ME \u00f3\u00feekktur. Markmi\u00f0 verkefnisins var tv\u00ed\u00fe\u00e6tt, annars vegar a\u00f0 kanna hvort h\u00e6gt v\u00e6ri a\u00f0 \u00fatsk\u00fdra verkunarm\u00e1ta aspir\u00edns og \u00fe\u00e1 hvernig \u00fea\u00f0 getur vernda\u00f0 konur gegn ME. Hins vegar var markmi\u00f0i\u00f0 a\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f3a a\u00f0fer\u00f0ir sem n\u00fdta \u00e1 fyrir kl\u00edn\u00edsk pr\u00f3f me\u00f0 aspir\u00edni. St\u00f6\u00f0ugleiki \u00feromboxan B2 \u00ed bl\u00f3\u00f0s\u00fdnum var kanna\u00f0ur fyrir frekari kl\u00edn\u00edskar ranns\u00f3knir, en aspir\u00edn hefur \u00e1hrif \u00e1 \u00fea\u00f0 \u00ed bl\u00f3\u00f0i. \u00de\u00e1 var einnig kanna\u00f0ur s\u00e1 m\u00f6guleiki a\u00f0 setja upp a\u00f0fer\u00f0 til a\u00f0 magngreina aspir\u00edn og a\u00f0alumbrotsefni \u00feess, salis\u00fdls\u00fdru, \u00ed munnvatni me\u00f0 svokalla\u00f0ri Raman-litr\u00f3fsgreiningu.<\/p>\n

Bein \u00e6\u00f0a\u00fatv\u00edkkun af v\u00f6ldum aspir\u00edns var pr\u00f3fu\u00f0 \u00e1 einangra\u00f0ar mesenteric slag\u00e6\u00f0ar og \u00e1 legslag\u00e6\u00f0ar \u00far \u00feungu\u00f0um og \u00f3\u00feungu\u00f0um rottum. Ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur s\u00fdndu a\u00f0 aspir\u00edn hefur \u00f6flug \u00e6\u00f0a\u00fatv\u00edkkandi \u00e1hrif og a\u00f0 verkunarm\u00e1tinn er h\u00e1\u00f0ur \u00e6\u00f0a\u00feekjunni (e. endothelium). Bein \u00e6\u00f0av\u00edkkandi \u00e1hrif aspir\u00edns voru einnig k\u00f6nnu\u00f0 \u00ed barnshafandi konum. Ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur s\u00fdndu aukningu \u00e1 p\u00falsstu\u00f0li (e. pulsatility index) og vi\u00f0n\u00e1msstu\u00f0li (e. resistive index) \u00ed aspir\u00ednh\u00f3pnum, 60 m\u00edn\u00fatum eftir innt\u00f6ku \u00e1 aspir\u00edni, en ekki \u00ed samanbur\u00f0arh\u00f3pnum.<\/p>\n

St\u00f6\u00f0ugleiki \u00feromboxans \u00ed bl\u00f3\u00f0s\u00fdnum var kanna\u00f0ur \u00ed tveimur tegundum s\u00fdnaglasa, natr\u00edum s\u00edtrat og EDTA gl\u00f6sum, og s\u00fdndu ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur a\u00f0 geymslua\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0ur og val \u00e1 bl\u00f3\u00f0s\u00fdnagl\u00f6sum er mikilv\u00e6gt fyrir m\u00e6lingar \u00e1 virkni aspir\u00edns \u00e1 \u00feromboxani \u00ed bl\u00f3\u00f0s\u00fdnum, og \u00feromboxan almennt.<\/p>\n

A\u00f0 lokum \u00fe\u00e1 lofa ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur Raman-litr\u00f3fsgreiningar g\u00f3\u00f0u fyrir \u00e1framhaldandi ranns\u00f3knir \u00e1 \u00feessu svi\u00f0i, en h\u00e6gt var a\u00f0 greina aspir\u00edn og salis\u00fdls\u00fdru me\u00f0 Raman-litr\u00f3fsgreiningara\u00f0fer\u00f0.<\/p>\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aspirin is used as a prophylactic agent to prevent the development of cardiovascular diseases as well as gestational hypertensive disorders such as preeclampsia (PE). Despite extensive research, the pathophysiology of PE remains elusive and the mechanism of action for aspirin is not fully understood in PE. The aim of this project was to investigate the mechanism of action for aspirin on the vessels by studying the association between vasodilation caused by aspirin in rat\u2019s arteries and then evaluating its effects in pregnant women. The results showed that aspirin is a potent vasodilator, and the mechanism of action is endothelium dependent. Additional aims were to develop methods for future clinical trials with aspirin in two separate studies. First, the stability of thromboxane in blood samples after blood withdrawal was investigated in sodium citrate and EDTA vials. Results showed that storage time before freezing is an important factor that need to be controlled when thromboxane need to be analyzed in blood samples. Secondly, a method to quantify aspirin and its metabolite, salicylic acid, in saliva using Raman spectroscopy is a promising method for aspirin and salicylic acid and this technique may be utilized in detecting these substances in saliva in future clinical studies with aspirin.<\/p>\n

Um doktorsefni\u00f0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Helga Helgad\u00f3ttir er f\u00e6dd \u00e1 Akranesi \u00feann 10. desember 1986. H\u00fan lauk st\u00fadentspr\u00f3fi af n\u00e1tt\u00farufr\u00e6\u00f0ibraut Fj\u00f6lbrautask\u00f3la Vesturlands \u00e1ri\u00f0 2008, BS-pr\u00f3fi \u00ed lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0i fr\u00e1 lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0ideild 2011 og MS-pr\u00f3fi \u00ed lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0i fr\u00e1 lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0ideild \u00e1ri\u00f0 2013. Fr\u00e1 2013 hefur h\u00fan lagt stund \u00e1 doktorsn\u00e1m sitt vi\u00f0 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands \u00e1samt \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 starfa vi\u00f0 undirb\u00faning \u00e1 st\u00f3ru evr\u00f3psku kl\u00edn\u00edsku pr\u00f3fi \u00e1 me\u00f0g\u00f6ngueitrun, og vi\u00f0 \u00fer\u00f3un lyfjaforma og framkv\u00e6md kl\u00edn\u00edskra pr\u00f3fana \u00e1 bakter\u00edudrepandi l\u00edp\u00ed\u00f0um hj\u00e1 sprotafyrirt\u00e6kinu Capretto ehf. Fa\u00f0ir Helgu var Helgi Georgsson og m\u00f3\u00f0ir hennar er Anna Margr\u00e9t Sveinsd\u00f3ttir. Helga er gift \u00c1rna \u00deorkels \u00c1rnasyni. Helga \u00e1 \u00ferj\u00fa b\u00f6rn, Dan\u00edel Helga 14 \u00e1ra, \u00c1rna \u00de\u00f3r 3 \u00e1ra og Hrafnhildi \u00d6nnu 1 \u00e1rs.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"featured_media":1089,"template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_phd_date_start":"2020-10-23T11:00:00+00:00","_phd_date_end":"2020-10-23T14:00:00+00:00","_phd_location":"A\u00f0albygging H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0asalur","_phd_admission":"A\u00f0gangur \u00f3keypis","_phd_thesis_title":"Fyrirbyggjandi me\u00f0fer\u00f0 me\u00f0 aspir\u00edni til a\u00f0 koma \u00ed veg fyrir me\u00f0g\u00f6ngueitrun. 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