{"id":5947,"date":"2026-10-19T09:48:13","date_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-lyfjafraedi-ana-margarida-pinto-e-costa\/"},"modified":"2026-10-19T09:48:13","modified_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:13","slug":"doktorsvorn-i-lyfjafraedi-ana-margarida-pinto-e-costa","status":"publish","type":"phd_defence","link":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-lyfjafraedi-ana-margarida-pinto-e-costa\/","title":{"rendered":"Doktorsv\u00f6rn \u00ed lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0i – Ana Margarida Pinto e Costa"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\u00deri\u00f0judaginn 18. desember ver Ana Margarida Pinto e Costa doktorsritger\u00f0 s\u00edna \u00ed lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 Lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0ideild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands. Ritger\u00f0in ber heiti\u00f0: Leit a\u00f0 sj\u00e1varn\u00e1tt\u00faruefnum \u00far sv\u00f6mpum og saml\u00edfs\u00f6rverum \u00feeirra. Exploring marine sponges and their associated microorganisms as a source of natural compounds. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Andm\u00e6lendur eru dr. Olivier Thomas, pr\u00f3fessor \u00ed Marine Biodiscovery, School of Chemistry, vi\u00f0 National University of Ireland, Galway, og dr. Benjam\u00edn Ragnar Sveinbj\u00f6rnsson, lektor vi\u00f0 Raunv\u00edsindadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands.<\/p>\n

Umsj\u00f3narkennari og lei\u00f0beinandi var dr. Margr\u00e9t \u00deorsteinsd\u00f3ttir, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 Lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0ideild og me\u00f0lei\u00f0beinandi var dr. Sesselja \u00d3marsd\u00f3ttir, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 Lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0ideild. Auk \u00feeirra s\u00e1tu \u00ed doktorsnefnd dr. El\u00edn Soff\u00eda \u00d3lafsd\u00f3ttir, pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 Lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0ideild, og dr. Marta P\u00e9rez, forst\u00f6\u00f0uma\u00f0ur vi\u00f0 PharmaMar, Madrid, Sp\u00e1ni.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Dr. H\u00e1kon Hrafn Sigur\u00f0sson, pr\u00f3fessor og forseti Lyfjafr\u00e6\u00f0ideildar, stj\u00f3rnar ath\u00f6fninni sem fer fram \u00ed \u00d6skju, stofu 132 og hefst kl. 9:00.<\/p>\n

\u00c1grip af ranns\u00f3kn <\/strong><\/p>\n

Sj\u00e1varsvampar og saml\u00edfs\u00f6rverur \u00feeirra framlei\u00f0a fj\u00f6lbreytileg og einst\u00f6k annarstigs efnasamb\u00f6nd. Markmi\u00f0 \u00feessa verkefnis var a\u00f0 rannsaka efnainnihald og l\u00edfvirkni n\u00e1tt\u00faruefna \u00far mismunandi sj\u00e1varsv\u00f6mpum og saml\u00edfs\u00f6rverum \u00feeirra. \u00cd \u00fev\u00ed skyni var \u00a0sv\u00f6mpum safna\u00f0 \u00ed hafinu \u00ed kringum \u00cdsland og \u00far Ind\u00f3-Kyrrahafinu \u00e1samt \u00fev\u00ed a\u00f0 geislagerlum (e.actinomycetes) var safna\u00f0 af sv\u00f6mpum. Frumu- og bakter\u00edudrepandi \u00e1hrif \u00e1samt offituvirkni voru k\u00f6nnu\u00f0.<\/p>\n

L\u00edfr\u00e6nir \u00fardr\u00e6ttir \u00far \u00edslenskum sj\u00e1varsv\u00f6mpum voru rannsaka\u00f0ir. \u00d3skautu\u00f0u \u00fardr\u00e6ttirnir innh\u00e9ldu miki\u00f0 af fituefnum. Efnagreiningara\u00f0fer\u00f0 me\u00f0 UPLC-QTOF-MS var h\u00e1m\u00f6rku\u00f0 til a\u00f0 skima fyrir og fjarl\u00e6gja (dereplication) \u00feekkt n\u00e1tt\u00faruefni til a\u00f0 auka skilvirkni vi\u00f0 greiningu \u00e1 skautu\u00f0um \u00fardr\u00e1ttum.\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00derj\u00e1r svamptegundir: Acanthostrongylophora sp., Acanthodendrilla sp. og Acanthostrongylophora ingens sem safna\u00f0 var \u00ed Ind\u00f3-Kyrrahafinu voru rannsaka\u00f0ar.<\/p>\n

N\u00fdtt haploscleridam\u00edn efni og k\u00f6fnunarefnis-hli\u00f0st\u00e6\u00f0uefnasamband voru einangru\u00f0,\u00a0 tv\u00f6 n\u00fd d\u00edterpen efnasamb\u00f6nd me\u00f0 n\u00fdrri byggingu voru einangru\u00f0. Fimm n\u00fd efnasamb\u00f6nd \u00far bisab\u00f3lan-efnaflokknum voru einangru\u00f0 og skilgreind \u00far svampnum Acanthostrongylophora ingens, \u00e1samt eftirfarandi \u00feekktum efnasamb\u00f6ndunum. Ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur \u00far l\u00edfvirknim\u00e6lingum s\u00fdndu a\u00f0 eitt efni \u00ed bisab\u00f3lan- efnaflokknum haf\u00f0i frumudrepandi \u00e1hrif. Auk \u00feess h\u00f6f\u00f0u \u00feessi bisab\u00f3lan efnasamb\u00f6nd hamlandi \u00e1hrif \u00ed offituvirknil\u00edkani \u00ed sebrafiskum.<\/p>\n

N\u00fd efnasamb\u00f6nd \u00far fl\u00faorvirin\u00edn C h\u00f3pnum, mangrolide og naphthoquinone voru au\u00f0kennd \u00ed \u00fardr\u00e1ttum fr\u00e1 Actinomycete. \u00deessi efnasamb\u00f6nd voru einangru\u00f0 me\u00f0 a\u00f0sto\u00f0 massagreiningara\u00f0fer\u00f0ar. Ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur s\u00fdndu a\u00f0 naphthoquinone haf\u00f0i b\u00e6\u00f0i krabbameinsfrumuhemjandi \u00e1hrif og bakter\u00eduhemjandi \u00e1hrifa gegn Staphylococcus aureus.<\/p>\n

Ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur verkefnisins s\u00fdna a\u00f0 svampar og saml\u00edfs\u00f6rverur \u00feeirra eru r\u00edk uppspretta \u00e1hugaver\u00f0ra og fj\u00f6lbreyttra n\u00e1tt\u00faruefna me\u00f0 mismunandi l\u00edfvirkni og \u00fev\u00ed mikilv\u00e6gt a\u00f0 halda \u00e1fram leitinni a\u00f0 n\u00fdjum og spennandi efnum \u00far l\u00edfverum \u00ed hafinu.\u00a0\u00a0<\/p>\n

Abstract <\/strong><\/p>\n

Marine sponges and their microbial associates are known as a prolific source of structurally diverse and unique secondary metabolites. The work aimed to explore these organisms as a source of natural compounds with possible pharmacological applications. Sponge individuals collected in the Icelandic waters and Indo-Pacific Ocean as well as sponge-associated actinomycete strains were used. Cytotoxic, anti-bacterial and anti-obesity activities were tested.<\/p>\n

Organic extracts were prepared from the sponges collected in Iceland. The apolar extracts were found to be rich in fatty acids. The UPLC-QTOF-MS method used for dereplication of the present natural compounds was successfully optimized in order to increase efficiency when analyzing polar extracts.<\/p>\n

Three sponge specimens collected in the Indo-Pacific Ocean were studied: Acanthostrongylophora sp., Acanthodendrilla sp. and Acanthostrongylophora ingens.<\/p>\n

These studies resulted in the isolation of haploscleridamine and a new nitrogenated analog, two spongian diterpenes with novel structures and seven bisabolane related compounds, five with new structures. The bioactivity studies pointed one of the isolated bisabolane-related compound as a moderate cytotoxic. Bisabolane-related compounds also demonstrated to have anti-obesity potential based on the zebrafish Red Nile assay.<\/p>\n

The actinomycete strains were found to produce new group C fluvirucinins and a known mangrolide and naphthoquinone. Those compounds were obtained through mass spectrometry-guided isolation. Naphtoquinone was shown to have both strong cytotoxic activity and anti-bacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus.<\/p>\n

The studied marine sponges and actinomycete strains resulted in several known and new compounds with valuable bioactivities. Marine sponges demonstrated, once again, to be a tremendous source of bioactive natural compounds.<\/p>\n

Um doktorsefni\u00f0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ana Margarida Pinto e Costa er f\u00e6dd \u00e1ri\u00f0 1988 \u00ed Port\u00fagal, en flutti til \u00cdslands \u00e1ri\u00f0 2014. H\u00fan lauk BS-pr\u00f3fi \u00ed l\u00edfefnafr\u00e6\u00f0i fr\u00e1 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lanum \u00ed Tr\u00e1s-os-Montes and Alto Douro \u00e1ri\u00f0 2008 og MS-pr\u00f3fi \u00ed umhverfis-eiturefnafr\u00e6\u00f0i fr\u00e1 H\u00e1sk\u00f3lanum \u00ed Porto \u00e1ri\u00f0 2010. Fr\u00e1 2010-2013 starfa\u00f0i h\u00fan sem v\u00edsindama\u00f0ur hj\u00e1 CIIMAR \u00ed Porto \u00ed Port\u00fagal. Margarida er d\u00f3ttir Jos\u00e9 Albino Costa, t\u00e6kniteiknara, og Ad\u00edlia Maria Pinto de Carvalho, a\u00f0sto\u00f0armanns l\u00f6gmanna.<\/p>\n

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