{"id":5943,"date":"2026-10-19T09:48:13","date_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-ljosmodurfraedi-emma-marie-swift\/"},"modified":"2026-10-19T09:48:13","modified_gmt":"2026-10-19T09:48:13","slug":"doktorsvorn-i-ljosmodurfraedi-emma-marie-swift","status":"publish","type":"phd_defence","link":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/doktorsvorn\/doktorsvorn-i-ljosmodurfraedi-emma-marie-swift\/","title":{"rendered":"Doktorsv\u00f6rn \u00ed lj\u00f3sm\u00f3\u00f0urfr\u00e6\u00f0i – Emma Marie Swift"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Mi\u00f0vikudaginn 30. jan\u00faar ver Emma Marie Swift doktorsritger\u00f0 s\u00edna \u00ed lj\u00f3sm\u00f3\u00f0urfr\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 Hj\u00fakrunarfr\u00e6\u00f0ideild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands. Ritger\u00f0in ber heiti\u00f0:<\/strong> Promoting normal birth amid modern technology: Opportunities and challenges in Iceland. <\/strong>Efling e\u00f0lilegra f\u00e6\u00f0inga \u00e1 t\u00edmum t\u00e6kniv\u00e6\u00f0ingar. T\u00e6kif\u00e6ri og \u00e1skoranir \u00e1 \u00cdslandi. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Andm\u00e6lendur eru dr. Ellen Blix pr\u00f3fessor, Faculty of Health Sciences: Department of Nursing and Health Promotion, H\u00e1sk\u00f3lanum \u00ed Osl\u00f3 og Alexander Kristinn Sm\u00e1rason pr\u00f3fessor vi\u00f0 Heilbrig\u00f0isv\u00edsindadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3lans \u00e1 Akureyri.<\/p>\n

Lei\u00f0beinendur voru Helga Gottfre\u00f0sd\u00f3ttir pr\u00f3fessor \u00ed lj\u00f3sm\u00f3\u00f0urfr\u00e6\u00f0i vi\u00f0 Hj\u00fakrunarfr\u00e6\u00f0ideild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands og Helga Zoega pr\u00f3fessor \u00ed l\u00fd\u00f0heilsuv\u00edsindum vi\u00f0 L\u00e6knadeild H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands. Umsj\u00f3narkennari var einnig Helga Gottfre\u00f0sd\u00f3ttir. A\u00f0rir \u00ed doktorsnefnd voru Kathrin Stoll, \u00a0Melissa Avery og R\u00fanar Vilhj\u00e1lmsson.<\/p>\n

Herd\u00eds Sveinsd\u00f3ttir pr\u00f3fessor og forseti \u00a0Hj\u00fakrunarfr\u00e6\u00f0ideildar, stj\u00f3rnar ath\u00f6fninni sem fer fram \u00ed H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0asal H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands og hefst kl. 13:00.\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/p>\n

\u00c1grip af ranns\u00f3kn <\/strong><\/p>\n

Markmi\u00f0 ranns\u00f3knarinnar var a\u00f0 auka \u00feekkingu \u00e1 \u00fev\u00ed hvernig megi stu\u00f0la a\u00f0 j\u00e1kv\u00e6\u00f0u hugarfari til e\u00f0lilegra f\u00e6\u00f0inga \u00e1 t\u00edmum mikillar notkunnar t\u00e6kni og inngripa \u00ed f\u00e6\u00f0ingar.\u00a0<\/p>\n

Ranns\u00f3knin bygg\u00f0i \u00e1 g\u00f6gnum \u00far F\u00e6\u00f0ingaskr\u00e1 \u00cdslands fr\u00e1 1995 til 2014,\u00a0 spurningalistum og kerfisbundinni samantekt til a\u00f0 undirb\u00faa \u00fer\u00f3un og innlei\u00f0ingu foreldrah\u00f3pa \u00ed me\u00f0g\u00f6nguvernd. Markmi\u00f0 foreldrah\u00f3panna var a\u00f0 styrkja j\u00e1kv\u00e6tt vi\u00f0horf til e\u00f0lilegra f\u00e6\u00f0inga me\u00f0al kvenna sem \u00e1ttu von \u00e1 s\u00ednu fyrsta barni.<\/p>\n

Ni\u00f0urst\u00f6\u00f0ur ranns\u00f3knarinnar s\u00fdna a\u00f0 mikil aukning var\u00f0 \u00e1 gangsetningum og utanbastsdeyfingum me\u00f0al kvenna \u00e1n \u00e1h\u00e6ttu\u00fe\u00e1tta \u00e1 ranns\u00f3knart\u00edmabilinu (1995-2014), en t\u00ed\u00f0ni keisaraskur\u00f0a og \u00e1haldaf\u00e6\u00f0inga st\u00f3\u00f0 \u00ed sta\u00f0. Ranns\u00f3knin leiddi einnig \u00ed lj\u00f3s a\u00f0 \u00feekking kvenna \u00e1 f\u00e6\u00f0ingu og f\u00e6\u00f0ingar\u00f3tti haf\u00f0i mikil \u00e1hrif \u00e1 vi\u00f0horf kvenna til f\u00e6\u00f0inga \u00e1n inngripa. \u00der\u00e1tt fyrir a\u00f0 foreldrah\u00f3parnir hafi ekki minnka\u00f0 f\u00e6\u00f0ingar\u00f3tta meira en hef\u00f0bundin me\u00f0g\u00f6nguvernd, \u00fe\u00e1 b\u00e1ru \u00feeir \u00e1rangur \u00ed a\u00f0 minnka f\u00e6\u00f0ingar\u00f3tta me\u00f0al kvenna sem ekki s\u00f3ttu n\u00e1mskei\u00f0 utan me\u00f0g\u00f6nguverndar.<\/p>\n

Abstract<\/strong><\/p>\n

The overall aim of this thesis was to provide knowledge and understanding of ways to promote normal birth in times of increasing use of technology and obstetric intervention.<\/p>\n

The studies were based on data from the Icelandic Medical Birth Registry (1995-2014), questionnaires and a systematic review to develop and implement a new model of care, Enhanced Antenatal Care. The aim of Enhanced Antenatal Care was to promote normal birth intentions among women expecting their first child.<\/p>\n

The results of the study revealed considerable increases over time in the use of labour induction and epidural analgesia among women with low risk pregnancies, while cesarean and instrumental delivery rates remained stable. The study furthermore revealed that addressing childbirth fear and confidence in birth knowledge is an integral part of promoting normal birth intentions among women. While EAC did not reduce childbirth fear beyond usual care, EAC was effective in lowering childbirth fear among women who did not attend any educational classes alongside antenatal care.<\/p>\n

Um doktorsefni\u00f0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <\/strong><\/p>\n

Emma Marie Swift er f\u00e6dd \u00ed Bretlandi \u00e1ri\u00f0 1978, en uppalin og b\u00fasett \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk. Emma lauk B.Sc pr\u00f3fi \u00ed verkfr\u00e6\u00f0i fr\u00e1 H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands \u00e1ri\u00f0 2003, lj\u00f3sm\u00f3\u00f0urn\u00e1mi \u00ed Bandar\u00edkjunum \u00e1ri\u00f0 2010 og M.Sc pr\u00f3fi \u00ed lj\u00f3sm\u00f3\u00f0urfr\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed \u00de\u00fdskalandi \u00e1ri\u00f0 2015. Emma hefur samhli\u00f0a n\u00e1mi sinnt lj\u00f3sm\u00f3\u00f0urst\u00f6rfum b\u00e6\u00f0i \u00ed Bandar\u00edkjunum og \u00e1 \u00cdslandi og starfar n\u00fa hj\u00e1 Bj\u00f6rkinni \u00ed Reykjav\u00edk. Emma hefur einnig sinnt kennslu vi\u00f0 Hj\u00fakrunarfr\u00e6\u00f0ideild og Mi\u00f0st\u00f6\u00f0 \u00ed l\u00fd\u00f0heilsuv\u00edsindum.<\/p>\n

Foreldrar Emmu eru Ingibj\u00f6rg J\u00f3nasd\u00f3ttir og James Swift. Emma er gift \u00cdvari Meyvantssyni, verkfr\u00e6\u00f0ingi, og b\u00f6rn \u00feeirra eru Benedikt Aron 19 \u00e1ra, Klara Margr\u00e9t 15 \u00e1ra, Sylv\u00eda Krist\u00edn 14 \u00e1ra og Mar\u00edanna Arney 10 \u00e1ra.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"featured_media":1057,"template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"_phd_date_start":"2019-01-30T13:00:00+00:00","_phd_date_end":"2019-01-30T16:00:00+00:00","_phd_location":"A\u00f0albygging H\u00e1t\u00ed\u00f0asalur H\u00e1sk\u00f3la \u00cdslands","_phd_admission":"A\u00f0gangur \u00f3keypis","_phd_thesis_title":"Promoting normal birth amid modern technology: Opportunities and challenges in Iceland. Efling e\u00f0lilegra f\u00e6\u00f0inga \u00e1 t\u00edmum t\u00e6kniv\u00e6\u00f0ingar. T\u00e6kif\u00e6ri og \u00e1skoranir \u00e1 \u00cdslandi","_phd_source_url":"https:\/\/gamli.hi.is\/vidburdir\/doktorsvorn_i_ljosmodurfraedi_emma_marie_swift","_phd_source_node_id":"314663","_phd_source_type":"vidburdir","_phd_member_id":71,"footnotes":""},"phd_school":[60,61],"phd_discipline":[63],"class_list":["post-5943","phd_defence","type-phd_defence","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","phd_school-heilbrigdisvisindasvid","phd_school-hjukrunar-og-ljosmodurfraedideild","phd_discipline-phd-i-ljosmodurfraedi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_defence\/5943","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_defence"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/phd_defence"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_defence\/5943\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1057"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5943"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"phd_school","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_school?post=5943"},{"taxonomy":"phd_discipline","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/phd.hi.is\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/phd_discipline?post=5943"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}